Evaluasi Kinerja Material Pelapis Lambung Kapal dalam Mengurangi Korosi di Lingkungan Laut: Studi Komparatif Epoxy, Zinc-Rich, Polysiloxane, dan Nano-TiO2/Epoxy Berbasis Karakterisasi Elektrokimia dan Analisis Life Cycle Cost

Authors

Nur Amalia Kayra Zakila Universitas Ibnu Sina
Ramdhani Yusli Arbain Sugoro Universitas Ibnu Sina
Agustin Dwi Sumiwi Universitas Ibnu Sina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55642/eatij.v7i03.1280

Keywords:

korosi lambung kapal; pelapis anti-korosi; EIS; Tafel; nano-TiO2; zinc-rich epoxy; efisiensi proteksi; LCC; lingkungan laut tropis

Abstract

Korosi lambung kapal di lingkungan laut menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi global diestimasi USD 2,5 triliun per tahun, dengan biaya perawatan dan penggantian material kapal mencapai 15–25% total biaya operasional. Penelitian ini menyajikan evaluasi kinerja komparatif empat sistem material pelapis lambung kapal — (C1) epoxy konvensional, (C2) epoxy zinc-rich, (C3) polysiloxane, dan (C4) nano-TiO2/epoxy — terhadap kondisi lingkungan laut tropis Indonesia (Cl⁻ = 19.500 mg/L, T = 28°C, pH = 8,1) selama 36 bulan paparan. Kebaruan penelitian mencakup: (1) karakterisasi elektrokimia lengkap melalui Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS — Nyquist plot), kurva polarisasi Tafel, dan evolusi Open Circuit Potential (OCP) secara simultan untuk empat coating; (2) analisis pengaruh tiga parameter lingkungan (Cl⁻, suhu, pH) terhadap laju korosi menggunakan model kinetika Arrhenius; (3) karakterisasi produk korosi menggunakan analisis XRD (simulasi) dan profilometri kekasaran permukaan; dan (4) analisis life cycle cost (LCC) 15 tahun mengintegrasikan biaya awal, pemeliharaan, dan perbaikan. Hasil menunjukkan C4 (nano-TiO2/epoxy) memberikan efisiensi proteksi terbaik: PE = 91,2% pada 36 bulan, Rct EIS = 65.000 Ω·cm², laju korosi = 0,028 mm/tahun, dan kekuatan adhesi residual 7,9 MPa. Analisis ANOVA satu arah (F = 147,3, p < 0,001) mengkonfirmasi perbedaan signifikan antar coating. LCC 15 tahun C4 = USD 198/m² — lebih hemat 22% dibandingkan C1 (USD 254/m²) meskipun biaya awal lebih tinggi.

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