Analisis Emisi Gas Buang Kapal Berdasarkan Data Operasional pada Rute Pelayaran Tertentu: Evaluasi CO2, NOx, SOx, dan PM Berbasis Metode Faktor Emisi IMO dengan Penilaian Kepatuhan CII dan EEXI

Authors

Riski Aditia Universitas Ibnu Sina
Deza Zalia Permata Dewi Universitas Ibnu Sina
Moh. Hafidz Efendy Universitas Ibnu Sina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55642/eatij.v7i03.1281

Keywords:

emisi gas buang kapal; CO2; NOx; SOx; faktor emisi IMO; CII; EEXI; SEEMP; MARPOL Annex VI; rute pelayaran nusantara

Abstract

Emisi gas buang kapal merupakan kontributor signifikan terhadap perubahan iklim dan polusi udara pelabuhan, menjadikan monitoring dan evaluasinya kritis untuk kepatuhan regulasi IMO MARPOL Annex VI. Penelitian ini menyajikan analisis komprehensif emisi gas buang kapal feri penumpang 4.200 GT pada rute Jakarta–Sorong (1.520 nm) berdasarkan data log operasional 365 hari menggunakan metode faktor emisi IMO. Kebaruan penelitian mencakup: (1) kuantifikasi simultan empat polutan utama (CO2, NOx, SOx, PM) dengan analisis statistik deskriptif multi-parameter termasuk distribusi normalitas, analisis persentil, dan pola variasi musiman; (2) validasi faktor emisi terukur terhadap nilai default IMO untuk enam polutan; (3) proyeksi trajektori CII (Carbon Intensity Indicator) 2023–2030 untuk dua skenario (BAU dan optimal) terhadap batas wajib IMO; dan (4) analisis biaya efektivitas delapan langkah mitigasi emisi dalam kerangka SEEMP (Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan). Hasil menunjukkan: emisi CO2 tahunan 2.920 ton, NOx 153,3 ton, SOx 16,4 ton, PM 7,3 ton. CII aktual 2023 = 0,0137 g CO2/GT-nm (rating C — mendekati batas wajib). Faktor emisi NOx terukur 6,1% lebih rendah dari default IMO (87 g/kWh), mengindikasikan kinerja mesin yang baik. Skenario slow steaming (−15% kecepatan) memberikan reduksi CO2 terbesar (12,4%) dengan biaya efektivitas USD 8/ton CO2 — terendah dari semua opsi yang dievaluasi.

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