Studi Perbandingan Performa Kapal Konvensional dan Kapal dengan Modifikasi Desain Lambung: Analisis Hambatan, Seakeeping, Distribusi Tekanan CFD, dan Evaluasi Multi-Kriteria

Authors

Anugrah Kinan Hermawan Universitas Ibnu Sina
Ramdhani Yusli Arbain Sugoro Universitas Ibnu Sina
Agustin Dwi Sumiwi Universitas Ibnu Sina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55642/eatij.v6i03.1282

Keywords:

modifikasi lambung; bulbous bow; katamaran; seakeeping RAO; CFD RANS; hambatan kapal; MCDM; EEDI; Holtrop-Mennen

Abstract

Modifikasi desain lambung kapal merupakan strategi utama untuk meningkatkan efisiensi hidrodinamika, performa seakeeping, dan kepatuhan regulasi emisi IMO MARPOL Annex VI tanpa penggantian sistem propulsi. Penelitian ini menyajikan studi perbandingan komprehensif performa empat varian desain lambung — (HV-1) konvensional U-frame, (HV-2) bulbous bow, (HV-3) katamaran, dan (HV-4) raked stem — untuk kapal feri penumpang 4.200 GT menggunakan pendekatan analitik (Holtrop-Mennen), simulasi CFD berbasis RANS, dan analisis seakeeping berbasis fungsi respons amplitudo (RAO). Kebaruan penelitian mencakup: (1) perbandingan hambatan total pada rentang Fr = 0,18–0,45 mengidentifikasi zona keunggulan setiap varian secara kuantitatif; (2) analisis respons seakeeping heave dan roll pada spektrum gelombang JONSWAP (Hs = 2 m, Tp = 8 s) untuk empat heading; (3) distribusi koefisien tekanan Cp berbasis CFD RANS k-ε untuk pemetaan zona kavitasi potensial; dan (4) evaluasi matriks keputusan multi-kriteria (MCDM) mengintegrasikan delapan kriteria teknis, ekonomi, dan lingkungan. Hasil menunjukkan: HV-2 (bulbous bow) mengurangi hambatan total 8,4% pada kecepatan desain (14 knot) dibandingkan HV-1; HV-3 (katamaran) memberikan heave RAO 25% lebih rendah dan roll RAO 40% lebih rendah; HV-4 (raked stem) memberikan keseimbangan terbaik antara pengurangan hambatan (+6,2%) dan biaya konstruksi. Skor MCDM tertinggi diraih HV-2 untuk kriteria teknis-ekonomi dan HV-3 untuk kriteria seakeeping-lingkungan. Validasi model terhadap data towing tank menunjukkan deviasi rata-rata 2,1% (ITTC < 5%).

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

IMO, 2021, MARPOL Annex VI – Energy Efficiency: EEXI and CII, MEPC.328(76), International Maritime Organization, London.

Bensow, R. E. and Bark, G., 2010, Implicit LES predictions of the cavitating flow on a propeller, Journal of Fluids Engineering, vol. 132, no. 4, p. 041302.

Kracht, A. M., 1978, Design of bulbous bows, Transactions of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, vol. 86, pp. 197–217.

Insel, M. and Molland, A. F., 1992, An investigation into the resistance components of high-speed displacement catamarans, Transactions of the Royal Institution of Naval Architects, vol. 134, pp. 1–20.

Lahtiharju, E., Karppinen, T., Hellevaara, M., and Aitta, T., 1991, Resistance and seakeeping characteristics of fast transom stern hulls with systematically varied form, Transactions of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, vol. 99, pp. 85–118.

Campana, E. F., Peri, D., Tahara, Y., and Stern, F., 2006, Shape optimization in ship hydrodynamics using computational fluid dynamics, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, vol. 196, no. 1–3, pp. 634–651.

Deng, R., Li, C., Luo, X., Chen, H., Yu, H., and Wu, T., 2016, Experimental investigation of the resistance and seakeeping performance of a trimaran in head seas, Ocean Engineering, vol. 114, pp. 262–274.

Papanikolaou, A. (ed.), 2014, Ship Design: Methodologies of Preliminary Design, Springer, Dordrecht.

Usman, E. and Djatmiko, E. B., 2022, Kajian modifikasi lambung kapal feri penumpang untuk rute nusantara, Jurnal Teknologi Kelautan, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 12–28.

Schneekluth, H. and Bertram, V., 1998, Ship Design for Efficiency and Economy, 2nd ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.

Dubrovsky, V. and Lyakhovitsky, A., 2001, Multi-Hull Ships, Backbone Publishing, Fair Lawn, NJ.

Lloyd, A. R. J. M., 1998, Seakeeping: Ship Behaviour in Rough Weather, Ellis Horwood, Chichester.

Hwang, C. L. and Yoon, K., 1981, Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications, Springer, Berlin.

Chen, S. J. and Hwang, C. L., 1992, Fuzzy Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications, Springer, Berlin.

Holtrop, J. and Mennen, G. G. J., 1982, An approximate power prediction method, International Shipbuilding Progress, vol. 29, no. 335, pp. 166–170.